- Air Twists -

Glasses containing air spirals in the stem, made from about 1740 to 1770; they include multi-spiral, spiral gauge and mercury types.


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- Balusters -

From about 1685 to 1720, common features are the marked thickness of the base of the bowl and heavy, prominent knops.


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- Balustroids -

From 1725 to 1765, the stems have smaller knops and are usually separated by plain sections.


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- Colour and Mixed Twists -

Instead of simple opaque white rods, opaque rods in enamel colours are introduced, sometimes in combination with air twists.


We have no examples of colour twists on our book at the present time

- Composites -

An attractive stem form containing a combination of plain stem with air twists or opaque twists - or all three. Circa 1745 to 1780.


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- Facet Stems -

Facet cut stems were fashionable from 1760 to 1810. The stems are cut to produce facets of varying shape.


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- Incised Twists -

Stems have a spiral groove running around the outside, usually either finely incised or coarse. Typically from 1750 to 1765.

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- Light Balusters -

These feature a more complex stem form with lighter knops, the ultimate in lightness and elegance. Typically circa 1735 to 1765.

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- Moulded Pedestal Stems -

Often referred to as 'Silesian' stems; distinguishing feature is the use of a mould in making the stem. Typically circa 1714-1765.

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- Opaque Twists -

Stems contain a complex series of white glass rods. Sometimes known as 'cotton twists' and circa 1750 to 1780.


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- Plain Stems -

Simple stem form often containg an air tear, date from 1740 to 1780.

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